:  Therapies Home  >  Library  >  Therapies Back Important: SeaScape Studio treats its fish tanks with formalin and copper. The formalin is diluted from a 37% stock solution to .03 ml/L concentration. The copper is diluted from Mardel's CopperSafe at 5 ml/4 gallons concentration. These two treatments cannot be used in the invertebrate tanks in the center of the store because of the vulnerability of invertebrates to copper and formalin. Name Dosage Diseases Treated Antimicrobial Action Precaution Chloroquine 10 mg/L/5-7 days cryptocaryonosis, uronemosis, amyloodiniosis, swim bladder disorder binds to proteins and of cells at vulnerable points of the life cycle kills all types of marine algae Copper ionic copper: 0.15 to 0.20 mg/L; chelating copper: 0.20 mg/L; 500 mg/L/1 minute bath cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, amyloodiniosis, swim bladder disorder unclear, binds to enzymes and inhibits them absorbed by numerous aquariums surfaces and organisms; bacteria may absorb and release copper causing swings in levels; glass aquariums where copper has been used cannot be used with invertebrates Erythromycin 10 mg/L/3 days swollen abdomen raised scales inhibits protein synthesis minimal efficacy, destroys nitrogen-cycling baceria Formalin 37% stock, .03 ml/L prolonged; 0.125 - 0.25 ml/L for brief dips cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, uronemosis, amyloodiniosis, fungus external, turbellarian infestation, trematodes, parasitic copepods enzyme and cell membrane protein disruption toxic to fish and humans Freshwater Dip equalize pH, temperature, 5 minute limit kills protozoans (not Amyloodinium, flatworms, turbellarians, monogeneans causes osmotic imbalance that leads to plasmolysis - rupture of the cell toxic procedure, difficult to move and handle sick fish without harming them further Furacyn 2-3 mg/L/7-10 days fin_rot, lesion, hemorrhage, white skin patch disease, swollen abdomen raised scales inhibits DNA synthesis prescription, water changes, kills nitrogen-cycling bacteria Furanace 75-100 mg/kg food, 5 to 15 days fin_rot, lesion, hemorrhage, white skin patch disease, swollen abdomen raised scales metabolic enzyme inhibitor prescription, water changes, kills nitrogen-cycling bacteria Garlic 1500 mg/fish/feeding orally, 3 times daily internal nematode roundworms, ich blocks specific enzyme groups that have sulfhidryl groups: cysteine proteinases and alcohol dehydrogenases anecdotal evidence of effectiveness only Hydrogen peroxide 30.5 ml of 3% peroxide solution to new 100 gal or esablished 10 gal aquarium cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, uronemosis, amyloodiniosis oxidation of organic compounds none Hyposalinity lower limit = 1.010 SG, 79°F (fish body fluid SG = 1.008 g/ml) cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, uronemosis, amyloodiniosis causes osmotic imbalance that leads to plasmolyis; interferes with specific stages of a parasite's life cycle toxic to fish upon bringing them back to normal salinity Isoniazid 10 mg/L, 7-10 days Hexamita, mycobacteriosis inhibits cell wall synthesis none Kanamycin 50-75 mg/L/7 days fin rot, lesion, hemorrhage, mycobacteriosis, swim bladder disorder prevents protein production in bacteria prescription, water changes, kills nitrogen-cycling bacteria Malachite green 2 mg/l brief dip, 0.1 mg/L continuous cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, uronemosis, fungus external, turbellarian infestation, trematodes, parasitic copepods binds and denatures intracellular proteins carcinogenic, toxic Methylene Blue 2 mg/L continuous, 50 mg/L/60 seconds cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, amyloodiniosis redox disruptor, binds and denatures intracellular proteins stain Metronidazole 9.1 - 10.4 mg/L/3 days (aq); 1g/100g food/5 days orally hole_in_the_head_disease DNAse should be used in a hospital tank Minocycline 2.6 mg/L/every 2 days/8 days fin rot, lesion, hemorrhage, mycobacteriosis, swim bladder disorder prevents protein production in bacteria prescription, water changes, kills nitrogen-cycling bacteria Neomycin 65 mg/L/7-10 days fin rot, lesion, hemorrhage, white skin patch disease prevents protein production, disrupts cell wall design prescription, water changes, kills nitrogen-cycling bacteria None Oxolinic Acid 15 mg/L/5-7 days swollen abdomen raised scales, swim bladder disorder inhibits DNA gyrase and DNA synthesis destroys nitrogen-cycling baceria Oxytetracycline 20-30 mg/L/3-5 days swollen abdomen raised scales inhibits protein synthesis minimal efficacy, destroys nitrogen-cycling baceria Phenoxyethanol 1% stock, 3.1 ml/L 5 days Internal Fungus DNAse, enzyme inhibitor none Potassium Permanganate 2-5 mg/L/7 days, 20 mg/L/one hour only, max of 450 mV redox potential algae control, clarifyer (reduces organic solutes), cryptocaryonosis, brooklynellosis, amyloodiniosis oxidation of organic compounds stain Praziquantel 1 mg/L/3-5 days aqueous; 2.5 mg/1 g food orally Turbellarian (Paravortex) either causes calcium imbalance and parasite paralysis or prevents parasite purine sysnthesis must be used in a hosptital tank Streptomycin 20-40mg/L/3-5 days mycobacteriosis aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis destroys nitrogen-cycling baceria Sulfathiazole, Solfonamide, Sulfamarazine 0.65 - 1.3 mg/L/7-10 days bacterial infections: lesion, hemorrhage; fungus_external inhibits DNA synthesis destroys nitrogen-cycling baceria Trichlorfon 1 mg/L/2 hours, one time Turbellarian (Paravortex), Copepods it inhibits the nervous system enzyme cholinesterase, paralyzing the treated crusteaceans must be used in a hosptital tank